Friday, August 30, 2019
Industrial Relations Essay
Introduction â⬠¢ relations which are the outcome of the employment relationship in an industrial enterprise â⬠¢ every industrial relations system creates a complex of rules and regulations to govern the work place and work community â⬠¢ main purpose: to maintain harmonious relations between labour and management by solving their problems through collectiveà bargaining â⬠¢ the government/state shapes industrial relations with the help of law, rules, agreements, awards of the courts Historic Facts â⬠¢ The concept of industrial relations was developed with the industrial revolution â⬠¢ Prior to this it was considered master and servant relationship â⬠¢ The workers were considered and treated like any otherà commodity which could be easily purchased and replaced â⬠¢ Wages and conditions of services were poor and this situation was not only in India but also in England and other European countries â⬠¢ The term Industrial Relations comprise Industry and relations. Objectives â⬠¢to improve economic conditions of workers in the present scenario of industrial management and political government â⬠¢to avoid Industrial Conflicts and develop harmonious relations â⬠¢to raise productivity to a higher level â⬠¢to reduce strikes, lockouts and gheros by providing better wages and improved living conditions and fringe benefits to the workers â⬠¢encouraging the sense of ownership among workers for Industries â⬠¢to enhance government control over units and plants that are running under losses orà where production has to be regulated in public interest â⬠¢improved Industrial Relation will protect the interest of labour and well as management. Three partners â⬠¢ Trade Union: Trade unions try to protect interest of workers, they insist upon the development of cultural and educational qualities of there members. â⬠¢ Employers & their organizations: They try to protect the interest of employers, to create healthy industrial atmosphere, so that the objectives of the organization may be achieved. They try to get full co-operation of workers for achieving this objective. â⬠¢ Government: The government plays an important role in establishing better industrial relations. Government passes various laws to protect the interest of both employers and employees. Causes of poor Industrial Relations â⬠¢ An attitude of contempt towards the workers on the part of the management â⬠¢ Inadequate fixation of wages or improper wage structure â⬠¢ Indiscipline â⬠¢ Unhealthy working conditions at the workplace â⬠¢ Lack of human relations skills on the part of supervisors and managers â⬠¢ Desire of workers for higher bonus, wages or daily allowances â⬠¢ Desire of employers to pay as little as possible to its workers Cont.. â⬠¢ Inadequate welfare facilities â⬠¢ Dispute on sharing the gains of productivity â⬠¢ Retrenchment, dismissal and lockouts by the management â⬠¢ Strikes by the workers â⬠¢ Inter-union rivals â⬠¢ Mental inertia on the part of the management. Industrial Disputes Introduction ââ" « conflicts, disorder or unrest arising between workers and employers on any ground ââ" « Such disputes finally result in strikes, lockouts and mass refusal of employees to work, until resolved ââ" « harm both parties employees and employers ââ" « always against the interest of both employees and theà employers Principles assigned by courts forà judging the nature of disputes â⬠¢ The dispute must affect large number of workmen â⬠¢ The dispute should be taken up by the Industry Union â⬠¢ The parties involved in dispute must have direct interest â⬠¢ The consulted demand must become grievance â⬠¢ Workmen can raise Industrial Dispute himself under Section 2A of Industrial Disputes Act -1947 Forms of Industrial Disputes â⬠¢ The Industrial Dispute can arise in any of theà following form given below: ââ" « Strike ââ" « Lockout ââ" « Gherao Strike â⬠¢termination of work â⬠¢refusal to work of any number of persons will result to a strike â⬠¢if workers are going on mass casual leave under commonà understanding this will also result in strike â⬠¢the workmen on strike must be employed in an ââ¬Ëindustryââ¬â¢ which has not been closed down â⬠¢the relationship of employers and employees continues even though in a state of suspension Lockout â⬠¢ Section 2(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 defines ââ¬Å"lockoutâ⬠to mean the temporary closing of a place of employment or the suspension of work, â⬠¢ Or, the refusal by an employers to continue to employ any number of persons employed by him, â⬠¢ lockout, thus, is the counterpart of strike ââ¬â the corresponding weapon the hands of employer to resist the collective demands of workmen or to enforce his terms â⬠¢ the suspension of work as a disciplinary measure does not amount to lockout â⬠¢ temporary suspension of work called lay-off is not lock-out Gherao â⬠¢ Gherao means encirclement of the managers toà criminally intimidate him to accept the demands ofà the workers. â⬠¢ As per the oxford English Dictionary: ââ" « Gherao means a protest in which workers preventà employers leaving a place of work until demands areà met.
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